Geopolymers as Sustainable Material for Strengthening and Restoring Unreinforced Masonry Structures: A Review

Unreinforced masonry (URM) structures are vulnerable to earthquakes; thus, materials and techniques for their strengthening restoration should be developed. However, the used in some of existing retrofitting technologies URM waste produced at its end-of-life unsustainable. The production ordinary Portland cement (OPC) worldwide has enormously contributed global carbon footprint, resulting persistent environmental problems. Replacing OPC with geopolymers, which more sustainable environmentally friendly, presents a potential solution these Geopolymers can replace component engineering cementitious composites (ECC), recommended strengthen restore structures. In present paper, state-of-the-art knowledge development on applying geopolymers is discussed. discussion focused components, material characterization, as material, fiber-reinforced application Based this review, it was found that mechanical properties par OPC; however, there few studies mentioned applications geopolymers. characterization geopolymers’ physical still limited. Therefore, other such chemical interaction substrate, workability, thixotropic behavior, aesthetic features need investigated wide application. method geopolymer-based ECC structure by grouting injection. It also worth recommending deep repointing, jacketing, cement-plastering explored.